Xylocaine Information
Xylocaine (lidocaine)
Xylocaine (lidocaine) is a local anesthetic, and is available in a wide range of presentations. Available presentations include:
- Xylocaine Injection is the most widely used local anesthetic in dental procedures, and can be used for local infiltration, minor and major nerve blocks, epidural block, arthroscopy and intravenous regional anesthesia.
- Several forms of Xylocaine for topical use are available including Xylocaine Jelly and Xylocaine Spray.
- Xylocaine is an amide-type local anesthetic and is currently the most widely used local anesthetic in the world. Xylocaine is marketed in about 50 countries.
Xylocaine is used for minor surgery and dentistry to block feeling in the part of the body affected (local anesthesia), so that the patient does not experience pain. Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action. Local anesthetics of the amide type are thought to act within sodium channels of the nerve membrane.
How is Xylocaine given?
- Xylocaine can be injected, as a solution, by a health professional trained in anaesthetic techniques. Xylocaine works very quickly.
- Xylocaine also comes in gel and spray forms, which can be used to numb the lining of the nostrils, mouth, throat, urethra, or rectum during local surgical procedures.
- Xylocaine is also available as an ointment for minor burns or skin abrasions.
Onset of Action
The onset of action is rapid. For retrobulbar injection, 4 mL of Xylocaine 4% provides an average duration of action of 1 to 1 1/2 hours. This duration may be extended to ophthalmic surgery by the addition of epinephrine, the usual recommended dilution being 1:50 000 to 1:100 000.
Indications and Clinical Uses
For parenteral or topical use for the production of local anesthesia of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract or the genitourinary tract. It may be injected transtracheally to anesthetize the larynx and trachea. It may be administered by retrobulbar injection to provide anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery.
Dosage and Administration
When Xylocaine 4% Sterile Solution is used concomitantly with other products containing lidocaine, the total dose contributed by all formulations must be kept in mind.
The dosage varies and depends upon the area to be anesthetized, vascularity of the tissues, individual tolerance and the technique of anesthesia. The lowest dosage needed to provide effective anesthesia should be administered. The degree of absorption is variable but especially high from the bronchial tree. Dosages should be reduced for children and for elderly and debilitated patients.







